Complete mastodon jaw discovered in New York backyard

ORANGE COUNTY, N.Y. (WRGB) — A groundbreaking paleontological discovery was made in Orange County, New York, as researchers from the New York State Museum and SUNY Orange unearthed a complete mastodon jaw, the first of its kind found in the state in over 11 years.

The remarkable find, along with additional bone fragments, was recovered from the backyard of a residence near Scotchtown, according to a release from the state Education Department. The fossils are now slated for carbon dating and detailed analysis to unveil the mastodon’s age, diet, and habitat.

Once preserved and studied, the jaw will be featured in public programming in 2025.

"When I found the teeth, I knew they were special," the homeowner said. "I’m honored that this discovery will contribute to understanding the past and inspire others."

The jaw, belonging to an adult mastodon, was discovered when the homeowner noticed two teeth protruding from the topsoil, partially concealed by plants. Intrigued, they unearthed two additional teeth just inches below the surface and contacted experts.

Subsequent excavations revealed a fully intact jaw, along with fragments of a toe bone and a rib.

"This discovery highlights the incredible Ice Age history preserved in New York’s landscape," said Dr. Robert Feranec, Director of Research & Collections and Curator of Ice Age Animals at the New York State Museum. "This mastodon jaw provides a unique opportunity to study the ecosystems of the Ice Age and deepen our understanding of this fascinating species."

Orange County has long been a treasure trove for mastodon fossils, with over 150 discoveries statewide—approximately one-third from this region. The newly uncovered jaw adds to this rich legacy, providing researchers with critical insights into the Ice Age inhabitants of the area.

"While the jaw is the centerpiece, the accompanying toe and rib fragments offer valuable context for future research. We’re optimistic about further exploration of the site to uncover additional remains," Dr. Cory Harris, Chair of SUNY Orange’s Behavioral Sciences Department said."

Interim Deputy Commissioner for Cultural Education Michael Mastroianni praised the collaborative effort behind the discovery, saying, "This find underscores the importance of the New York State Museum’s mission to preserve our natural legacy and inspire future generations of scientists and researchers."

Following its preservation and scientific analysis, the mastodon jaw will be featured in educational programs at the New York State Museum. Founded in 1836, the New York State Museum is the oldest and largest public museum in the United States, housing over 20 million artifacts spanning 480 million years.

The excavation is part of broader efforts to document and protect New York’s paleontological heritage. Experts encourage the public to report similar findings, as even small discoveries can illuminate ancient ecosystems and spark new research.